论文题目：基于单片机智能窗户的设计
学科专业：电子信息工程

摘  要
智能窗户控制系统属于智能家居整体系统中的一个小部分。家庭或者教室所在的环境中涉及到的采光及避光问题，就现在而言主要采用不透光的窗帘来实现的，手动地去拉动窗帘来实现它的开闭，这样让人觉得费力，总的来说不够人性化。提高对家庭窗户的管理效率实现智能化有很大意义。在这个设计中主要讲了智能窗户控制系统的设计与制作过程，讲述了设计制作一个具体的智能窗户控制系统所需要做的一系列理论分析及其制作主要过程。本次设计选取STC89C52最小系统来作为智能窗户控制系统的中心，其次就是利用光敏传感器、步进电机模块、时钟模块、键盘显示模块及各个外围电路模块的整体运作配合下所实现的整个智能窗户控制系统。
本次设计的整个智能窗户控制系统所包含有STC89C52最小系统、报警电路模块、电源电路、按键电路、LCD液晶显示电路、步进电机驱动电路、时钟电路、光照检测电路和温度检测电路组成。本次设计的智能窗户具有手动和智能自动两种功能模式由按键来控制进行切换，手动模式下是通过按键来控制步进电机的正转或者反转从而实现进行窗户的开闭，这时的窗户处于开闭中的其中一种状态；自动模式下是通过手动设置好定时时间、温度、临界光线；如果环境的实时温度超过自己所设定的温度，系统会报警；如果环境的实时光线强度超过自己所设定的光线值时，窗户会自动开启，反之则关闭；用户也可以按照自己需求设置定时时间，可以设为定时开窗和定时关窗。相比传统的窗户和一般电动窗更具可靠性。
 
关 键 词：光敏传感器；智能窗户；步进电机
 

Title: Design of Intelligent Window Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Speciality: Electronic information engineering
ABSTRACT
The intelligent window control system belongs to a small part of the intelligent home system as a whole. Family or classroom where the environment involved in the lighting and dark problems, now mainly use opaque curtains to achieve, manually to pull the curtains to achieve its opening and closing, so that people feel effort, the total Is not enough humane to say. The Improve the efficiency of the management of the family window to achieve a great sense of intelligence.In this design, we mainly talk about the design and production process of the intelligent window control system, and describe a series of theoretical analysis and the main process of designing and designing a concrete intelligent window control system.This design selects the STC89C52 minimum system as the center of the intelligent window control system, followed by the entire intelligent window control using the light sensor, the stepper motor module, the clock module, the keyboard display module and the overall operation of each peripheral circuit module. system.
The design of the entire intelligent window control system contains STC89C52 minimum system, alarm circuit module, power circuit, key circuit, LCD liquid crystal display circuit, stepper motor drive circuit, clock circuit, light detection circuit and temperature detection circuit. This design of the intelligent windows with manual and intelligent automatic two modes of operation by the button to control the switch, manual mode is to control the stepper motor by forward or reverse rotation in order to achieve the window opening and closing, then the The system is in the open and close one of the state; automatic mode is set by manually set the timing time, temperature, critical light; if the ambient temperature exceeds its set temperature, the system will alarm; if the environment real-time light intensity More than their own set of light values, the windows will automatically open, otherwise closed; users can set their own time in accordance with their own time, can be set to regular window and timing off the window. Compared to the traditional windows and general power windows are more reliable.
 
KEY WORDS: Photosensitive sensor; Intelligent windows;Stepper motor
 

目  录
1 绪论 1
1.1 本课题研究的目的和意义 1
1.1.1本课题研究的目的 1
1.1.2本课题研究的意义 1
1.2 国内外研究状况 1
1.2.1国内研究状况 1
1.2.2国外研究状况 2
1.3 本课题的主要内容 2
2 总体方案设计 4
2.1 课题的设计思想 4
2.2 总体框架设计 4
3 硬件设计 6
3.1 硬件电路总体结构 6
3.2 控制芯片选型 6
3.3 单片机最小系统 7
3.4 时钟电路 9
3.5 温度检测电路 11
3.6 步进电机模块 12
3.7 键盘电路 13
3.8 液晶显示电路 13
3.9 蜂鸣器报警电路的设计 15
4 软件设计 16
4.1编程语言和使用环境 16
4.2主程序设计 16
4.3主要功能子程序设计 17
4.3.1步进电机程序设计 17
4.3.2显示程序设计 18
4.3.3时钟程序设计 19
4.3.4 DS18B20测温程序设计 20
5 实物的展示 22
5.1 系统的调试 22
5.2 实物的演示 22
6 结论与展望 24
6.1 结论 24
6.2 展望 24
参考文献 25
附  录1 26
附  录2 27
附  录3 28
致 谢 36